Business Respect - CSR Dispatches No 49 - 9 Feb 2003

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An email newsletter with news and discussion focusing on corporate social responsibility globally, looking at the companies in the news and the emerging issues. Linked to the website at http://www.mallenbaker.net and produced every two weeks.

In this issue we discover the very first sustainability report - probably! - and we profile Australia's Westpac, recent top scorer in the reputation index.

In the news:

Feature articles on the internet:

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Topics:

Want to read a hyperlinked version of this issue? You can find one on the website at http://www.mallenbaker.net/csr/nl/49.html.

Copyright 2002 Mallen Baker. All rights reserved. For information on how to subscribe, go to http://www.mallenbaker.net/csr/nl/subscribe.html

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Welcome

OK, so last issue we promised we would review the new WBCSD sustainability reporting portal - but for technical reasons (intermittent broadband access) it will have to be next time around. We tried again, and it really doesn't want to be viewed on a standard modem connection!

However, we did want to cover at least one aspect of social and environmental reporting. We believe that we have found the very first example of a social and environmental report - significantly predating the usual suspects. See the article below and prove us wrong if you can!

It's been a while since we profiled an individual company, so we thought we'd take the opportunity of its recent reputational accolades to look at the current practice and performance of Westpac. As a result you have two (shortish) articles this issue rather than the usual one.

We're glad to see that the boom in business integrity has fed the market for consultancy in this area. The growth in independent small consultancies specialising in CSR rather reflects the similar boom that took place for environmental consultancies before they began to consolidate into fewer, larger organisations.

Not all the newcomers are to be trusted, however. This week, Mallen came across one that had one of those paid-for ads when you carry out a Google search for 'corporate responsibility'. The ad promised a series of white papers on CSR. Being familiar with the Business for Social Responsibility white papers, but always interested in new sources, Mallen followed the link and came to a site that asked him to register his details before getting access to the white papers.

Having avoided typing in anything other than gibberish, the submit button was pressed, only to be relocated at the BSR website and its white papers. This consultant had basically set up a mechanism for harvesting potential clients by interposing itself between the customer and someone else's freely available material. Not good. Certainly not ethical. Could we have been mistaken? Well, a hidden field on the submit form was titled 'Business Opportunity' so probably not.

We won't name the guilty party here, although we've let BSR know how their name and reputation is being used. You might have to move quick to find the site for yourself if BSR are as quick as we would be to protect their reputation!

The moral: if you don't know people you already trust, always take up client references before hiring a consultant of this sort! Don't just trust the company's list of clients on its website.

That's enough for one issue. Feedback on the website poll next time.

Mallen Baker
Vanessa Wood
editors@mallenbaker.net

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CSR News 9 Feb 2003

UK: Corporate Responsibility Index to be launched next month

Business in the Community is to launch its new Corporate Responsibility Index next month. The index will produce a ranking for 120 participant companies based on how each is managing its social responsibilities.

The Corporate Responsibility Index is a development from the well established and respected Business in the Environment index, the results for which will also be announced on the same day.

The new index has received a high degree of participation for its first year, and is the first attempt to provide an overall management framework that can be used for public benchmarking results.

BITC is launching the index at a conference, 'Realising the Value of Responsible Business Practice' in London on 12th March.">

For more info, see http://www.bitc.org.uk/events

WWF ditches BP shares, but has troubles of its own

The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) has announced that it is selling its shares in BP due to its misgivings about the company's place within a socially responsible investment policy.

WWF cited in particular the company's oil and gas operations in Alaska, where its safety record has come in for criticism, and possible future oil drilling in the vast Alaskan nature reserve, the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (Anwar).

The move follows disinvestment by Henderson Global Investors, one of Britain's leading ethical investment funds, which announced last month it had lost confidence in the company's commitment to safety and the environment in Alaska.

"If you look at our safety record in Alaska as a whole it has been good," a BP spokesman said. "At Prudhoe Bay ... the number of days lost through accidents was 18 times lower than in the average American workplace."

Meanwhile, WWF had problems of its own, as its international partnership deal with Lafarge, the major cement and aggregates company, came under unprecedented attack from one of its fellow environmental organisations.

Lafarge wants to quarry up to 600m tonnes of rock from Roineabhal mountain at Lingerbay, to export largely for road building and other infrastructural projects in England. WWF International has made Lafarge a conservation partner and accepted its money on the basis that it will work with the company to advise it and improve the ways it works.

Friends of the Earth has accused WWF of 'inappropriate behaviour', and suggested the organisation has allowed itself to be used by Lafarge. WW, for its part, said it opposed to the quarry and was lobbying Lafarge to drop the plan.

UK: Littlewoods drops membership of ethical trading initiative

The Barclay brothers, who bought Littlewoods, the UK clothes retailer last year, have scrapped the company's programme of charitable donations and its membership of the Ethical Trading Initiative.

Under its previous owner, the founding Moores family, Littlewoods had been proud of its reputation for philanthropy, donating about 1 per cent of profits to a different charity each year.

Last year the company gave about £500,000 to good causes and this year a similar pledge to Comic Relief is expected to be honoured. After that, all corporate donations will cease.

The move came as part of an overall programme to boost proft margins at the company. These include over 200 job losses at the company's headquarters, and sending a letter to suppliers demanding a 2 percent cut in wholesale prices.

The Ethical Trading Initiative issued a statement of restrained regret at the company's move - Littlewoods had been a founder member of the initiative - but some of the NGOs behind the charity were more forthright in their condemnation.

Christian Aid described itself as "profoundly disappointed" and questioned the company's statement that it intended to mainstream ethics though the business when it was making many of its experts in labour standards redundant.

'Littlewoods has taken a giant leap backwards in its efforts to become an ethical company,' said Dr Sharon McClenaghan, Christian Aid's Corporate Policy Officer. 'It is difficult to imagine how the company will manage to remain committed to improving the lives of the people who make their clothing if they no longer have staff dedicated to ensuring good labour standards.'

The company has said that its commitment to its ethcial policy remains unchanged. (Guardian / ETI / Christian Aid)

European sugar industry agrees on CSR minimum standards

The European Sugar Industry has become the first sector to voluntarily agree on minimum corporate social responsibility standards on a broad scale with the signing of a joint code of conduct.

The code has been developed in the Committee for Social Dialogue of the industry. It reflects the commitment of the social partners to progressively develop and demonstrate the overall sustainability of the sugar industry.

"Our vision is to create added human and social value by incorporating corporate social responsibility into all our activities," said Peter Rasmussen, chair of the working group.

The code of conduct, which will come into effect on 1st January 2004, covers eight minimum standards that the signatories commit themselves to, covering human rights, education and training, health and safety, relationsip between social partners, fair pay, working conditions, restructuring, and business relations and choice of suppliers.

For more info, see http://www.cefs.org

Bulgaria: Businesses look toward Global Compact

Bulgarian President Georgi Parvanov called for a new face of socially responsible business at a meeting of more than 250 CEOs, managers and representatives of the business community in Bulgaria's capital of Sofia. The meeting was convened to introduce the country's businesses to the UN Global Compact.

Participation in the Compact is seen by some as an essential step in moving Bulgaria towards membership in the European Union (EU).

"The country has paid a high price during the last decade of transition, and the highest price has been paid by people and nature," said President Parvanov.

"Bulgarian business needs to be honest, transparent, and objective, so that when there is a celebration for countries entering the EU in 2007, we will be a part of it," added Maxim Behar, Chairman of the Bulgarian Business Leaders Forum.

More than 25 Bulgarian companies have expressed their interest in joining the Global Compact.
(Novinite.com)

India: Many bottled water brands found to contain pesticides

Residues of powerful pesticides such as lindane and DDT have been found in amounts many times over maximum safe levels in a variety of popular bottled water brands in India.

The pesticides are persistent and highly toxic, building up in body tissues over the years. They can cause cancer, attack the nervous system and weaken the immune system.

Amongst the worst brands were Aquaplus, given to railway passengers, with pesticide at 104 times the safe limit, Bisleri, the top selling brand, with pesticide at 79 times the limit, and Coca-Cola's Kinley, with concentration levels 14.6 times above the limit.

The best rated water available was the french brand Evian, but this brand is regarded as hugely expensive for the Indian market.

Bottled water companies follow the norm set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), which says that pesticide should not be detectable. (Times of India)

Italy: GMI to avoid genetically modified wheat

Italy's biggest miller, Grandi Molini Italiani (GMI), will avoid importing genetically modified (GM) US wheat, its CEO has said. Monsanto is now close to the final regulatory approval for the world's first transgenic wheat.

"We will not only avoid buying GM wheat but we will probably be forced to completely avoid importing from those countries/regions where it is known that GM wheat is grown," GMI's Antonio Costato told Reuters.

"As president of GMI, I do not see any reason to expose the company to the risks implied by accidental contamination with GM wheat," he added.

The wheat is engineered to withstand Monsanto's glyphosate-based Roundup herbicide.
(Reuters)

UN to meet alcohol companies on product health issues

The World Health Organisation (WHO) is to host a meeting with companies that represent over half world sales of alcohol to discuss health issues related to their product.

Participants will be briefed on current activities in the alcohol policy area and relevant corporate social responsibility initiatives. They will also exchange views on how to curb drinking and driving, and the marketing and promotion of alcohol to young people.

The Geneva meeting follows informal discussions over the past six months with alcohol companies and reflects WHO's determination to engage with all interested stakeholders in formulating a policy to address the public health consequences of alcohol use worldwide.

According to WHO, alcohol is the leading health risk in some developing countries, and ranks third in industrialised nations, causing 1.8 million deaths worldwide.

Drinks companies have already started to address responsibility issues, with exhortations to responsible drinking appearing increasingly on drinks advertising. Global drinks giant Diageo recently became the first drinks company to sign the UN Global Compact, which it announced at a major international conference in Dublin on Alcohol, Ethics and Society last year. (UN)

Newmont CEO: Gold's future depends on social responsibility

In spite of recent gains, gold will only have a future as a major generator of wealth if the mining companies get serious about practicing social responsibility, according to Wayne Murdy, Chairman and CEO of Newmont Mining Corp.

Murdy is due to tell hundreds of mining professionals at the Colorado Mining Association conference that it is now a necessity for companies to obtain a "social licence" to conduct operations within local communities. Principles of sustainable development must govern future operations.

The conference is also due to see a Public Perceptions Forum will include presentations by industry leaders, environmental groups, and the news media on how current opinion shapes policies that impact mining.

Environmental issues will also be discussed, just weeks after a proposal to ban new gold mines from using cyanide was defeated in the Colorado courts. The industry had argued that the biggest problem of toxic mine pollution stems from old, abandoned mines and that resolving this legacy calls for federal, not corporate, action.

South Africa: Harmony, Tongaat-Hullett offer retroviral drugs

Harmony Gold Mining and Tongaat-Hulett have said that they are to offer HIV-positive employees antiretroviral drugs, becoming the latest companies to take an active stance on the AIDS epidemic.

"There is no doubt that there is a business case for supplying the right medicine at the right time," said Bernard Swanepoel, the chief executive of Harmony.

According to the company, the disease adds $1.50 to the price of an ounce of gold, although this figure is set to substantialy increase in the absence of any action to manage the epidemic.

JB Magwaza, the group executive director of Tongaat-Hulett, announced the move for his company and, whilst declining to give the cost of the treatment, described it as "not as prohibitive" as had been suggested in the past.

Tongaat-Hulett is 51 percent owned by Anglo, which took the lead by supplying antiretroviral drugs in November. It had 39 employees on the therapy at last count. (Business Report)

Standard & Poor's grants Fannie Mae marks for governance

Standard & Poor's Corporate Governance Group has published its first publicly disclosed score, granting Fannie Mae a 9.0, indicating a high level of good practice.

Standard & Poor's said that the score reflected its assessment of the company's corporate governance practices and policies and the extent to which these serve the interests of the company's shareholders.

"This score marks an important development in bringing greater transparency about corporate governance to U.S. investors," said Andrea Esposito, Managing Director for Governance Services.

"In the wake of last year's governance breakdowns, investors are recognizing increasingly that corporate governance is an important risk factor and are demanding higher governance standards and the ability to have a clearer understanding of the relative strengths and weakness of individual companies' governance practices. By being the first U.S. company to publish its governance score from Standard & Poor's, Fannie Mae is demonstrating its strong governance practices and showing leadership in the U.S. with regard to providing greater openness and disclosure about its corporate governance standards."

Japan: Snow Brand aims to restore ethical credentials

Snow Brand Milk Products has made a pledge to restore its good name by ensuring future safety and ethical conduct. The company has been dogged by scandal over recent years.

The company said that its top priority was to ensure product safety, consumers feeling of security and corporate ethics as it launched the firm's new corporate mission.

Snow Brand aims to install a more rigorous system of quality control at its plants, and says it will "instill an acute sense of responsibility" amongst employees. Staff will be asked to renew the company pledge twice a year to keep alive the memory of the consequences of the past mistakes.
(The Japan Times)

South Africa: GlaxoSmithKline faces new complaint

The largest AIDS organisation in the US, the AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF), has filed a complaint with the South African Competition Commission against pharmaceutical giant GlaxoSmithKline seeking to enable licensing generic alternatives for lower prices.

Michael Weinstein, AHF's president, accused GSK of having a "stranglehold" on key AIDS drug patents, granting them the ability to set monopoly pricing, leading to thousands of deaths. "Glaxo fiddles while South Africa burns," he said.

AHF's complaint seeks to obtain licensing and manufacturing concessions in South Africa for medications such as zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine, Abacavir, and Combivir and Trizivir - Glaxo's best selling combination drugs.

The current complaint is not the first AHF has made against GSK. In response to former litigation that used some of the same arguments, the company responded:

"Free competition eliminates the possibility of monopoly. Today, there are about 20 HIV/AIDS medicines on the market, and a number of medicines in each class from which physicians can choose to treat their patients.

"The prices GSK charges for its AIDS medicines in the US are well within the range of competitive products, and GSK has been a leader in reducing the price of medicines to developing countries."

Amnesty International warns business on operating in Russia

Amnesty International has used the Davos Forum to warn companies who do business in Russia to watch out for serious violations of human rights.

Amnesty argued that it is not enough for companies to say that human rights issues are of no concern to them - and Russia in particular constitutes a high risk environment for a range of activities.

The organisation particularly advised businesses to check thoroughly the credentials of security firms they may employ, since these often had connection to crime.

Amnesty International distributed a pamphlet at the World Economic Forum advising companies to produce a code of conduct and to put in place robust systems to ensure respect for human rights in all fields of the company's operations.
(BBC)

CSR FEATURES from the Internet

Towards Corporate Social Reporting - 8 Feb 2003 FROM Financial Express (India)

Today, the environmental and social management is an integral part of business management for the corporate world.

Creation of wealth through business and sustaining the success depends not only how effectively you manage the environmental and social issues, but how your stakeholders, the people who are interested in your organisation, perceive your role as a responsible business organisation.

Read full story

Industry Has a Responsibility to Community - 7 Feb 2003 FROM Business Day (Johannesburg)

THERE is a growing acceptance in the pharmaceutical industry as in other industries that companies have a responsibility to the broader community.

Many operators in the pharmaceutical industry have aligned their corporate social investment (CSI) strategies with their core business the provision of quality health care.

Read full story

Some see a beacon of care, other a PR smokescreen - 2 Feb 2003 FROM The Observer

Companies invest heavily in protecting their reputation and ensuring society's expectations are met. Is this corporate social responsibility or simply a smokescreen?

Big business stalks the corridors of power lobbying for liberal trade policy, flexible labour laws and benign tax regimes. It tends to get what it wants.
Accountants earn hundreds of thousands of pounds from multinationals employing bewildering techniques to move profits around the world so big business pays society a fraction of what it should in tax.

Read full story

Watkins recounts Enron fable - 31 Jan 2003 FROM Contra Costa Times

Enron Corp. whistleblower Sherron Watkins gave budding business school students a lesson in corporate ethics Thursday evening -- straight out of a book of fables she reads to her 3-year-old daughter.

Watkins, now famous for her memo warning then-CEO Kenneth Lay that the company could "implode in a wave of accounting scandals," likened the problems at Enron to the tale of the emperor's new clothes. There was a vain emperor, swindlers and ministers who gave bad advice to their leader and failed to warn him that he and the country were being duped.

Read full story

Angelides says corporate responsibility will restore investors' confidence - 28 Jan 2003 FROM Daily Bulletin

State Treasurer Phil Angelides visited the Inland Empire on Tuesday, dropping off a check in Riverside and then coming to Ontario to promote his plan for corporate responsibility.

Angelides delivered a state housing grant to the city of Riverside and then met with the Daily Bulletin's editorial board to discuss using the state's $274 billion pension and investment portfolio as a force for change.

Read full story

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Westpac - A Case Study in Socially Responsible Banking

Article by Mallen Baker

The Australian banking sector has had an unmitigated hammering from politicians and public opinion alike for their failings in social responsibility. All the more remarkable, then, that the top scoring company in the recent Reputation Index compiled by the Sydney Morning Herald and The Age should have been a bank. Not so surprising when you look into the detail of how Westpac does business.

Westpac was established in 1817 as the Bank of New South Wales, becoming Westpac on merger with the Commercial Bank of Australia in 1982. It employs over 26,000 people and has global assets of $186bn. Its core business operations are retail banking, financial services, finance and institutional banking.

Its commitment to sustainability has been recognised across the world. According to the Dow Jones Group Sustainability Index, Westpac is the global corporate sustainability leader in the banking sector - no mean feat when you consider some of the competition it has in that area. "The high score is attributed to the superior management of codes of conduct, crime prevention and performance recognition. Westpac addresses environmental and social issues in its strategy at corporate level and capitalises on its excellent sustainability expertise by embracing business opportunities. Its environmental management system is amongst the best in the industry and operational eco-efficiency has improved from last year."

The company runs an effective stakeholder dialogue programme, including annual staff reviews to get feedback on workplace practices and to generate ideas for improvements. Direct customer dialogue has been built into the quality process for the company. They also meet regularly with community and representative groups to get a wider view of issues. Westpac attributes real improvements in how it performs to these dialogues. For example, the development of the company's ATMs for visually impaired people came from dialogue with leading NGOs, as well as government bodies.

The dialogue still has areas where it has further to go before it pays real dividends, however. For example, the company's employee turnover remains at the industry standard rate of 19.5 percent. Real progress in creating a great place to work should be rewarded with higher figures.

The company takes the message of corporate social responsibility to the heart of how it does business, with a major focus within its social reporting of its lending policies in relation to small to medium sized businesses, institutional lending and its services particularly for rural areas. Westpac does not have dealings with third world debt.

Westpac also deals with some of the 'softer' sides, and has an active approach to community investment through employee volunteering. The company supports its staff in volunteering in their own communities, and has achieved a figure of around 60 percent of employees involved in the community. Each year, every employee is entitled to a community volunteering day – a paid leave day so that they can participate in community activities. Westpac also matches, dollar for dollar, staff fundraising or contributions to any tax-deductible charity through its Matching Gifts Program. Since 1998, a combined total of $3.8 million has been distributed to more than 340 charities across the country under the staff program.

Westpac has sought to address some of the issues around indigenous peoples and access to financial services. For instance, in Tangentyere in inland Northern Territory, Westpac is working with Centrelink and the Tangentyere Council on an educational pilot. The pilot enables the provision of electronic social security payments using financial management techniques specifically designed for families.

New challenges can come from all sorts of directions. Faced with the recent tragedy of the bushfires, the bank offered victims the chance to defer repayments on home loans, or to restructure loans without the usual bank fees. Other banks rose to the need as well, of course. The whole sector has become mindful of the need to be seen to act for the good of the community.

The business culture of Australia is not the friendliest to the concept of leadership within CSR. With the community generally wary of globalisation on the basis that it might lead to Australia becoming a 'branch office economy', an aspiration to lead the world in its social responsibility is potentially a source of considerable national pride.

Back in May 2001, the chairman of Westpac, Leon Davis said "We at Westpac believe that unless financial institutions expand their view of what constitutes socially responsible behaviour they will soon lag global best practice for their industry. We do not intend to lag best practice."

So far, the Dow Jones Index and the home-grown Reputation Index have rewarded this determination with considerable accolades. The next test is how Westpac is able to use this performance record to boost its business achievements in what remains a hostile environment.

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Is this the First Ever Corporate Social/Environmental Report?

Article by Mallen Baker

If pushed, most practitioners within the field of corporate social responsibility will tell you that the first proper social report by a company was the first report of the Body Shop. That most remarkable of companies had, in the mid-nineties, set the standard that others would seek to follow. They would be wrong.

Take, for instance, this typical quote: "Social or environmental reports are key stages in any stakeholder dialogue process; while a stakeholder dialogue process is a key stage in any valuable social or environmental report. The first corporate social report that recognised this fact was
The Body Shop Social Statement 95." (Jem Bendell, 2000).

In terms of the history of how the format has developed, this starting point statement has the ring of truth. Nevertheless, it's worth recording here for history that the very first such report preceded that one by as much as four years.

Shell Canada produced its 'Progress Toward Sustainable Development' report in 1991 - just a few years after the Brundtland Report had more or less defined the term (give or take the background handwringing that has accompanied the phrase ever since). A copy made its way into my hands recently, following a meeting brokered by my good friends at Canadian Business for Social Responsibility, so I thought now by be an opportune time to look back and see just how much of the current 'state of the art' was pre-shadowed in the very first report.

What would I look for in a report? At the very least, one would hope for: a basic statement about the company and what it does; A top level statement from the CEO or equivalent; Some commentary about the policies and / or values of the business; A review of the company's stakeholder engagement; an analysis of what are the key environmental and social issues for the company with narrative on how the company is responding; Data showing performance in each of these areas.

The basic statement of the company's operations is there, as is the top level statement - in this case from Jack MacLeod, president and chief executive officer. "In reviewing this first report of our 'Progress Toward Sustainable Development'", he says, "it is clear that while we have made a good start in implementing our policy of June 1990, much work remains to be done. Our sustainable development policy commits us to the integration of economic and environmental decision-making."

The document includes a policy statement - a brief commitment to the principles of sustainable development. It includes a set of principles, namely stewardship, shared responsibility, prevention, conservation and resource management, waste management, rehabilitation and reclamation, scientific and technological innovation, and international responsibility.

The term 'stakeholder' was not in general circulation in 1991 - and yet the principles still managed to make their way into the Shell Canada report. "Increased expectations by the public to be involved in decisions affecting them, especially with regard to health, safety and environment, require that companies adopt meaningful consultation as an integral part of doing business.

"Consultation is necessary to build co-operative working relationships with individuals, local communities, interest groups and governments in areas where Shell operates or plans to operate. This means communicating our plans early, and listening to and addressing people's concerns when making decisions."

The report goes on to detail the different mechanisms via which the company has consulted during the previous year.

The report then identifies key issues, and gives a blend of both narrative and performance data on water conservation, atmosphere, wilderness, energy conservation, reducing waste, preventing spills and supporting communities. It concludes by setting targets for the coming year in each of these areas.

The most obvious difference between this and a modern report is the rather light touch accorded to the 'social' side within the definition of sustainable development. Nevertheless, for a document produced well before the term 'corporate social responsibility' had entered any kind of common parlance it stands up remarkably well to the expectations of a modern audience.

Sadly, there is no website to point you at to see the text for yourselves - Tim Berners-Lee was in the act of creating the world wide web when it was published!

So throughout this brief review, I've made a number of provocative statements about how the 1991 Shell Canada report is surely the first one that was produced along the modern model. Surely this newsletter, with its well-placed readership of 2000 plus will reach several people in a position to point out that, no - actually there was a report that came before. Do let us know!

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All content may be quoted with appropriate acknowledgement by any non-profit or non-commercial organisations. Others please contact editors@mallenbaker.net. No guarantees are made to the accuracy of any articles. This electronic publication is independently produced, and should not be taken as representing the views of any organisation.

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In the news from the latest issue

Nepal: Relatives of killed workers sue US firm KBR for trafficking

US: Proposed Alaskan mine survives people's vote

Merck accused of dressing marketing up as science

Australia: Business lobby group warns over carbon trading

India: Tata Motors threatens pull-out from West Bengal

US: Climate change resolutions making impact on companies

Japan: Details of carbon labeling confirmed

Canada: Wal-Mart has union contract imposed

India: Rising protests against factory building

US: Fraud will cost firms $994bn this year

US: American Airlines accused of safety breaches

Ghana: Call for companies to help clear up electronic waste

US: Disneyland demonstration over hotel worker benefits

Uzbekistan: Major retailers call for end of child labour in cotton

... more news stories

To make any comments / suggestions re. this site, please contact mallen@mallenbaker.net
Business Respect - most recent edition added on 17th August 2008